Association of Calpain-10 gene (rs2975760 and rs3792267) Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Iraqi Population

Abstract

Background: Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) can be considered as the main diabetes’ type, which is
present in all populations worldwide and all regions. Calpain-10 is a part of a vast intracellular protease
family. CAPN10 gene polymorphisms have been related to complex types of T2DM.
Objective: the major goal of the presented work is evaluating the relation regarding CAPN10 gene
polymorphisms (SNP44 rs2975760 and SNP43 rs3792267) with T2DM in the Iraqi population as well as
changes in serum lipid concentration and insulin concentration.
Materials and Methods: Two groups of persons were recruited, 300 patients with type2 diabetes mellitus,
and 300 healthy control individuals. Fasting serum glucose and serum lipid concentrations have been
evaluated via standard enzymatic approaches, while the concentrations of serum insulin were evaluated via
ELISA assay. Genotyping of rs2975760 and rs3792267 SNPs is conducted via PCR-RFLP.
Results: Those of the SNP-44 showed that patients of heterozygous genotype (TC) decreased significantly
with respect to the control group. Patients with the homozygous genotype (CC) elevated insignificantly
relative to the control group. The minor allele C frequency in patients (12%) is decreased considerably
in the patients’ group relative to the group of controls (15%). The genotype results of SNP-43 illustrated
that patients of heterozygous (GA) genotypes decreased significantly with respect to the control group.
Patients of the homozygous genotype (AA) appeared to be insignificantly higher than the controls. The
minor allele A frequency in patients (11.5%) is decreased considerably in the patients’ group relative to the
group of controls (27%). Serum lipid concentrations, insulin, and insulin resistance are distributed in groups
of various genotypes of the 2 SNPs deferentially.
Conclusion: SNP-44 and SNP-43 in Iraqi individuals are protective against the development of T2DM.
They were implicated in serum lipid changes, insulin and insulin resistance values.